Ubuntu 20.04でWordPress用のサーバを構築します。Apacheインストール後に、MariaDBをインストールします。
MariaDBをインストールする！
MariaDBをaptコマンドでインストールします！
# apt update # apt install -y mariadb-server
文字コードを確認する！
MariaDBの文字コードを確認します。デフォルトで目的の「utf8mb4」になっていました。
# grep utf8 /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf # utf8 4-byte character set. See also client.cnf character-set-server = utf8mb4 collation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci
MariaDBのセキュリティ設定を行う！
「mysql_secure_installation」コマンドで、MariaDBのセキュリティ設定を行います。
# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n]
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
MariaDBにログインする！
MariaDBにログインできることを確認しましょう！以下では、ログイン後、DBの文字コードの設定を確認しています。
# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 58 Server version: 10.3.25-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.20.04.1 Ubuntu 20.04 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like 'character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.003 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> quit Bye
おわりに
MariaDBのインストールでは、インストール後に文字コードの確認と、セキュリティ強化の設定を行います。
