Linuxでハードウェアの情報を知りたい場合は、「dmidecode」コマンドを使用すると詳細な情報を確認できます。ハードウェア情報は、「lshw」コマンドでも出力できますが、「dmidecode」コマンドでは、特にBIOSの情報が詳細に表示されます。
記事の目次
dmidcodeコマンドを使用する！（Ubuntu Desktop 22.04）
Ubuntu Desktop 22.04での使用例です！
$ sudo dmidecode # dmidecode 3.3 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 3.0.0 present. Table at 0x6FF10000. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 5.12 Release Date: 06/08/2017 Address: 0xF0000 Runtime Size: 64 kB ROM Size: 16 MB Characteristics: PCI is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported BIOS ROM is socketed EDD is supported 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) Print screen service is supported (int 5h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) Serial services are supported (int 14h) Printer services are supported (int 17h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Targeted content distribution is supported UEFI is supported BIOS Revision: 5.12 Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: BIOSTAR Group Product Name: TB250-BTC Version: Serial Number: None UUID: 03000200-0400-0500-0006-000700080009 Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: None Family: None Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: BIOSTAR Group Product Name: TB250-BTC Version: Serial Number: None Asset Tag: None Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: None Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0 Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 22 bytes Chassis Information Manufacturer: Default string Type: Desktop Lock: Not Present Version: Default string Serial Number: Default string Asset Tag: Default string Boot-up State: Safe Power Supply State: Safe Thermal State: Safe Security Status: None OEM Information: 0x00000000 Height: Unspecified Number Of Power Cords: 1 Contained Elements: 0 SKU Number: Default string Handle 0x000D, DMI type 4, 48 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: U3E1 Type: Central Processor Family: Core i7 Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation ID: E9 06 09 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 158, Stepping 9 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7700 CPU @ 3.60GHz Voltage: 1.0 V External Clock: 100 MHz Max Speed: 8300 MHz Current Speed: 3600 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Other L1 Cache Handle: 0x000A L2 Cache Handle: 0x000B L3 Cache Handle: 0x000C Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Multi-Core Hardware Thread Execute Protection Enhanced Virtualization Power/Performance Control Handle 0x000A, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information Socket Designation: L1 Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Back Location: Internal Installed Size: 256 kB Maximum Size: 256 kB Supported SRAM Types: Synchronous Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Parity System Type: Unified Associativity: 8-way Set-associative Handle 0x000B, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information Socket Designation: L2 Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 2 Operational Mode: Write Back Location: Internal Installed Size: 1 MB Maximum Size: 1 MB Supported SRAM Types: Synchronous Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Single-bit ECC System Type: Unified Associativity: 4-way Set-associative Handle 0x000C, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information Socket Designation: L3 Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 3 Operational Mode: Write Back Location: Internal Installed Size: 8 MB Maximum Size: 8 MB Supported SRAM Types: Synchronous Installed SRAM Type: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC System Type: Unified Associativity: 16-way Set-associative Handle 0x0019, DMI type 13, 22 bytes BIOS Language Information Language Description Format: Long Installable Languages: 2 en|US|iso8859-1 zh|CN|unicode Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1 Handle 0x0018, DMI type 14, 20 bytes Group Associations Name: Firmware Version Info Items: 5 0x0012 (OEM-specific) 0x0013 (OEM-specific) 0x0014 (OEM-specific) 0x0015 (OEM-specific) 0x0016 (OEM-specific) Handle 0x0004, DMI type 16, 23 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: None Maximum Capacity: 64 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 4 Handle 0x0005, DMI type 17, 40 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0004 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 16 GB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelA-DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK 0 Type: DDR4 Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) Speed: 3200 MT/s Manufacturer: Micron Serial Number: F3B1E171 Asset Tag: 9876543210 Part Number: 16ATF2G64AZ-3G2E1 Rank: 2 Configured Memory Speed: 2400 MT/s Minimum Voltage: 1.2 V Maximum Voltage: 1.2 V Configured Voltage: 1.2 V Handle 0x0006, DMI type 17, 40 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0004 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: Unknown Set: None Locator: ChannelA-DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK 1 Type: Unknown Type Detail: None Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Not Specified Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: Not Specified Rank: Unknown Configured Memory Speed: Unknown Minimum Voltage: Unknown Maximum Voltage: Unknown Configured Voltage: Unknown Handle 0x0007, DMI type 17, 40 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0004 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 16 GB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: ChannelB-DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK 2 Type: DDR4 Type Detail: Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) Speed: 3200 MT/s Manufacturer: Micron Serial Number: F3B1E17B Asset Tag: 9876543210 Part Number: 16ATF2G64AZ-3G2E1 Rank: 2 Configured Memory Speed: 2400 MT/s Minimum Voltage: 1.2 V Maximum Voltage: 1.2 V Configured Voltage: 1.2 V Handle 0x0008, DMI type 17, 40 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0004 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: Unknown Set: None Locator: ChannelB-DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK 3 Type: Unknown Type Detail: None Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Not Specified Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Part Number: Not Specified Rank: Unknown Configured Memory Speed: Unknown Minimum Voltage: Unknown Maximum Voltage: Unknown Configured Voltage: Unknown Handle 0x0009, DMI type 19, 31 bytes Memory Array Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x007FFFFFFFF Range Size: 32 GB Physical Array Handle: 0x0004 Partition Width: 2 Handle 0x000E, DMI type 20, 35 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x003FFFFFFFF Range Size: 16 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x0005 Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0009 Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: 1 Interleaved Data Depth: 2 Handle 0x000F, DMI type 20, 35 bytes Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00400000000 Ending Address: 0x007FFFFFFFF Range Size: 16 GB Physical Device Handle: 0x0007 Memory Array Mapped Address Handle: 0x0009 Partition Row Position: Unknown Interleave Position: 2 Interleaved Data Depth: 2 Handle 0x0010, DMI type 130, 20 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 82 14 10 00 24 41 4D 54 00 00 00 00 00 A5 AF 02 C0 00 00 00 Handle 0x0011, DMI type 131, 64 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 83 40 11 00 35 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 F8 00 C8 A2 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 06 00 0B 00 AC 04 0A 00 00 00 00 00 FE 00 FF FF 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 26 00 00 00 76 50 72 6F 00 00 00 00 Handle 0x0017, DMI type 136, 6 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 88 06 17 00 00 00 Handle 0x0012, DMI type 221, 26 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DD 1A 12 00 03 01 00 01 04 01 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 58 00 03 00 00 05 00 00 00 Strings: Reference Code - CPU uCode Version TXT ACM version Handle 0x0013, DMI type 221, 26 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DD 1A 13 00 03 01 00 01 04 01 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 04 0B 06 0A AC 04 Strings: Reference Code - ME 11.0 MEBx version ME Firmware Version Consumer SKU Handle 0x0014, DMI type 221, 75 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DD 4B 14 00 0A 01 00 01 04 01 00 00 02 03 FF FF FF FF FF 04 00 FF FF FF 00 00 05 00 FF FF FF 00 00 06 00 FF FF FF FF FF 07 00 3E 00 00 00 00 08 00 34 00 00 00 00 09 00 0B 00 00 00 00 0A 00 3E 00 00 00 00 0B 00 34 00 00 00 00 Strings: Reference Code - SKL PCH PCH-CRID Status Disabled PCH-CRID Original Value PCH-CRID New Value OPROM - RST - RAID SKL PCH H Bx Hsio Version SKL PCH H Dx Hsio Version KBL PCH H Ax Hsio Version SKL PCH LP Bx Hsio Version SKL PCH LP Cx Hsio Version Handle 0x0015, DMI type 221, 54 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DD 36 15 00 07 01 00 01 04 01 00 00 02 00 01 04 01 01 00 03 00 01 04 01 00 00 04 05 FF FF FF FF FF 06 00 FF FF FF 05 00 07 00 FF FF FF 05 00 08 00 FF FF FF 46 10 Strings: Reference Code - SA - System Agent Reference Code - MRC SA - PCIe Version SA-CRID Status Disabled SA-CRID Original Value SA-CRID New Value OPROM - VBIOS Handle 0x0016, DMI type 221, 103 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DD 67 16 00 0E 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 FF FF FF FF FF 03 04 FF FF FF FF FF 05 06 FF FF FF FF FF 07 08 FF FF FF FF FF 09 00 00 00 00 00 00 0A 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0B 00 FF FF 00 00 00 0C 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0D 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0E 00 FF FF FF FF FF 0F 00 FF FF FF FF FF 10 11 01 03 04 01 00 12 00 00 07 03 00 00 Strings: Lan Phy Version Sensor Firmware Version Debug Mode Status Disabled Performance Mode Status Disabled Debug Use USB(Disabled:Serial) Disabled ICC Overclocking Version UNDI Version EC FW Version GOP Version BIOS Guard Version Base EC FW Version EC-EC Protocol Version Royal Park Version BP1.3.4.0_RP01 Platform Version Handle 0x001A, DMI type 14, 8 bytes Group Associations Name: $MEI Items: 1 0x0000 (OEM-specific) Handle 0x001B, DMI type 219, 81 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: DB 51 1B 00 01 03 01 45 02 00 90 06 03 00 60 20 00 00 00 00 40 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 40 02 FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF FF 03 00 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Strings: MEI1 MEI2 MEI3 Handle 0x001C, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table
VirtualBox上で実行してみる！（Rocky Linux 9）
VirtualBox上のRocky Linux 9で実行してみました。
$ sudo dmidecode # dmidecode 3.3 Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs. SMBIOS 2.5 present. 10 structures occupying 455 bytes. Table at 0x000E1000. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: innotek GmbH Version: VirtualBox Release Date: 12/01/2006 Address: 0xE0000 Runtime Size: 128 kB ROM Size: 128 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: innotek GmbH Product Name: VirtualBox Version: 1.2 Serial Number: 0 UUID: 45d4c9ae-b026-0849-9690-a6488d99f593 Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: Not Specified Family: Virtual Machine Handle 0x0008, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: Oracle Corporation Product Name: VirtualBox Version: 1.2 Serial Number: 0 Asset Tag: Not Specified Features: Board is a hosting board Location In Chassis: Not Specified Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0 Handle 0x0003, DMI type 3, 13 bytes Chassis Information Manufacturer: Oracle Corporation Type: Other Lock: Not Present Version: Not Specified Serial Number: Not Specified Asset Tag: Not Specified Boot-up State: Safe Power Supply State: Safe Thermal State: Safe Security Status: None Handle 0x0007, DMI type 126, 42 bytes Inactive Handle 0x0005, DMI type 126, 15 bytes Inactive Handle 0x0006, DMI type 126, 34 bytes Inactive Handle 0x0002, DMI type 11, 7 bytes OEM Strings String 1: vboxVer_7.0.4 String 2: vboxRev_154605 Handle 0x0008, DMI type 128, 8 bytes OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 80 08 08 00 7F EE 36 00 Handle 0xFEFF, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table
おわりに
Linuxでハードウェアの情報を知りたい場合は、「dmidecode」コマンドを使用するとかなり詳細な情報まで知ることができます。
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